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991.
Monitoring and modelling of pore water pressure changes and riverbank stability during flow events 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
Pore water pressures (positive and negative) were monitored for four years (1996–1999) using a series of tensiometer‐piezometers at increasing depths in a riverbank of the Sieve River, Tuscany (central Italy), with the overall objective of investigating pore pressure changes in response to ?ow events and their effects on bank stability. The saturated/unsaturated ?ow was modelled using a ?nite element seepage analysis, for the main ?ow events occurring during the four‐year monitoring period. Modelling results were validated by comparing measured with computed pore water pressure values for a series of representative events. Riverbank stability analysis was conducted by applying the limit equilibrium method (Morgenstern‐Price), using pore water pressure distributions obtained by the seepage analysis. The simulation of the 14 December 1996 event, during which a bank failure occurred, is reported in detail to illustrate the relations between the water table and river stage during the various phases of the hydrograph and their effects on bank stability. The simulation, according to monitored data, shows that the failure occurred three hours after the peak stage, during the inversion of ?ow (from the bank towards the river). A relatively limited development of positive pore pressures, reducing the effective stress and annulling the shear strength term due to the matric suction, and the sudden loss of the con?ning pressure of the river during the initial drawdown were responsible for triggering the mass failure. Results deriving from the seepage and stability analysis of nine selected ?ow events were then used to investigate the role of the ?ow event characteristics (in terms of peak stages and hydrograph characteristics) and of changes in bank geometry. Besides the peak river stage, which mainly controls the occurrence of conditions of instability, an important role is played by the hydrograph characteristics, in particular by the presence of one or more minor peaks in the river stage preceding the main one. Copyright © 2004 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. 相似文献
992.
LU Fengxiang WANG Chunyang & ZHENG JianpingFaculty of Earth Sciences China University of Geosciences Wuhan China Correspondence should be addressed to Lu Fengxiang 《中国科学D辑(英文版)》2004,47(1)
Swarms of mafic-intermediate volcaniclastic bodies occur in the Minggang region of Henan Province, a tectonic boundary between the North Qinling and the North China Block, and emplaced at (178.31±3.77) Ma. These volcanic rocks are subalkaline basaltic andesites and contain abundance of lower crust and mantle xenoliths. Thus this area is an ideal place to reveal the lithospheric composition and structure beneath the northern margin of the Qinling orogenic belt. Geochemical data indicate that these mafic granulites, eclogites and metagabbros have trace elemental and Pb isotopic characteristics very similar to those rocks from the South Qinling Block, representing the lower part of lower crust of the South Qinling which subducted beneath the North China Block. Talcic peridotites represent the overlying mantle wedge materials of the North China Block, which underwent the metasomatism of the acidic melt/fluid released from the underlying lower crust of the South Qinling Block. Deep tectonic model proposed i 相似文献
993.
LI Lianfa & WANG Jinfeng State Key Laboratory of Resources Environment Information System Institute of Geography Science & Natural Resources Research Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing China 《中国科学D辑(英文版)》2004,47(3)
Sampling is to, by efficient selection of samples, acquire the accurate information about the population (the research object) at less cost. Spatial sampling is a kind of sampling toward geospatial objects or features with spatial correlation. The differences between effi-cient sampling and completely universal survey lie in quality, time and cost. Sampling provides a kind of economical, prompt and accurate survey[13]. Efficient spatial sampling can be regarded as the optimization of the sampl… 相似文献
994.
Estimation of annual actual evapotranspiration from nonsaturated land surfaces with conventional meteorological data 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
QIU Xinfa ZENG Yan MIAO Qilong & YU Qiang . Department of Geography Nanjing Institute of Meteorology Nanjing China . Institute of Geographic Sciences Natural Resources Research Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing China 《中国科学D辑(英文版)》2004,47(3)
Land surface evapotranspiration is an important component both in earth surface heat and water bal-ance, on whose budgets weather and climate depend, to a great extent, for their changes are responsible for the formation and variation of vegetation features on the globe. Besides, the evapotranspiration is an im-portant topic of short-term flood forecasting and the estimation of runoff from mountainous sides. As a result, the problem as to the evapotranspiration has been one of the concerns in … 相似文献
995.
GE Heping SUN Yan LU Xiancai ZHU Wenbin GUO Jichun LIU Deliang & Chi-yuen Wang . Department of Earth Sciences Nanjing University State Key Laboratory of Mineral Deposit Nanjing China . Department of Earth Space Sciences University of Science Technology of China Hefei China . Department of Geology Geophysics University of California Berkeley CA USA 《中国科学D辑(英文版)》2004,47(3)
In the 1990s of the 20th century, we participated in the research of the stress field in fissure tectonics of scientific deep bore cores for the Deep Observation and Sampling of the Earths Continental Crust (DOSECC for short). Spherical and enriched ul-tra-micro granular textures (nm size), which enriches Nb element (Wang & Sun, 1990; Sun & Wang, 1993)[1,2], were found during the observation of ul-tra-micro slipping lamellae of ductile and brittle oc-curring in Late Mesozoic granites us… 相似文献
996.
Age of Yingfeng rapakivi granite pluton on the north flank of Qaidam and its geological significance 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
Rapakivi granite is a very rare and special type of rocks in the crust. Nearly all the typical Proterozoic rapakivi occurred in stable craton, and was regarded as representing special anorogenic settings and rifting events of the supercontinents. Therefore, rapakivi has constantly been attracting the attention of researchers from various countries[15]. For example, the Protero- zoic rapakivi granites occurring in Miyun, Beijing, has been studied in detail by the researchers both at home and … 相似文献
997.
DONG Yunpeng ZHANG Guowei ZHAO Xia YAO Anping & LIU Xiaoming The Key Laboratory of Continental Dynamics Ministry of Education Department of Geology Northwest University Xi抋n China 《中国科学D辑(英文版)》2004,(4)
Being a composite collisional orogen between North China and South China blocks, the Qinling orogenic belt is the key to understand the composite combination, prolonged evolutionary history and their continental dynamics. The main suture between north and south Qinling, called Shangdan suture zone (SDSZ), had been studied in detail for about twenty years. Recently, another suture zone, called Mianl黣 suture zone (MLSZ), has been identified in the Qinling Mountains. It is characterized b… 相似文献
998.
YU Yunmei ZHU Yongxuan & GAO Zhenmin Key Laboratory of Ore Deposit Geochemistry Chinese Academy of Sciences Guiyang China 《中国科学D辑(英文版)》2004,47(5)
Arsenopyrite is one of the most important pri-mary arsenic mineral. In the Eh-pH diagram of the As-O2-S-H2O system, if the total arsenic concentration (TAs) is taken to be 0.75 mg/L, the total sulfur con-centration, 32 mg/L, the temperature, 25℃and the pressure, one atmosphere pressure for the discrimina-tion of arsenic species, it may be found that under hy-pergene conditions, arsenopyrite is a moderately stable mineral. Only in the strongly alkaline and reducing environment can arsenopy… 相似文献
999.
MI Jingkui XIAO Xianming LIU Dehan & SHEN Jiagui .State Key Laboratory of Organic Geochemistry Guangzhou Institute of Geochemistry Chinese Academy of Sciences Guangzhou China .Institute of Sedimentary Mineral Resources Department of Civil Engineering Xiangtan Polytechnic University Xiangtan China 《中国科学D辑(英文版)》2004,(6)
~~Determination of paleo-pressure for a natural gas pool formation based on PVT characteristics of fluid inclusions in reservoir rocks——A case study of Upper-Paleozoic deep basin gas trap of the Ordos Basin~~ 相似文献
1000.
The dynamic behaviour of two curved cable‐stayed bridges, recently constructed in northern Italy, has been investigated by full‐scale testing and theoretical models. Two different excitation techniques were employed in the dynamic tests: traffic‐induced ambient vibrations and free vibrations. Since the modal behaviour identified from the two types of test are very well correlated and a greater number of normal modes was detected during ambient vibration tests, the validity of the ambient vibration survey is assessed in view of future monitoring. For both bridges, 11 vibration modes were identified in the frequency range of 0ndash;10Hz, being a one‐to‐one correspondence between the observed modes of the two bridges. Successively, the information obtained from the field tests was used to validate and improve 3D finite elements so that the dynamic performance of the two systems were assessed and compared based on both the experimental results and the updated theoretical models. Copyright © 2003 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. 相似文献